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NON-Voice Basic Interview Questions Part-9
18.
Share some of your QA experiences.
I
was involved in the testing of the product that was for a project that had to
support at least 30 items in the input criteria. The quality was measured as
the number supported by the system. The test script was developed to simulate
20 or more input items. The testing on the periodic basis helped the developers
to go in the right track and develop the various aspects of the product without
affecting the number of items supported.
19.
How can you bring about quality changes in adverse environments?
The
quality changes in environments which are very static and not adaptable have to
be done very carefully. Sometimes the quality changes may require change from
the base in adverse environments, so spending good amount of time in designing
the right architecture depending on the environment right from the start is
essential when we are not sure about the adaptive nature of the environment or
user.
20.
Is test automation a required thing at all?
The
tests in many cases are not a single execution of the program and there are
always many cases to be tested. The immense number can be overwhelmingly high
to think of manual testing. So in such a case the automation of testing with
test scripts is the right way and the only possible way to go, considering the
value of resources and man hours. This can be considered the smart way of
working and most often this proves to be effective and efficient.
21.
How can we have a effective phase containment concept incorporated into the
project development cycle?
The
testing should be done in parallel along with development over the various
stages of deliverable. This way the errors are not propagating across the
various phases of the project. This phase containment mechanism can result in
avoiding defects in the final product that is being created. The more
methodical and frequent we have the testing and workable product across the
timeline the more effective the phase containment will be.
22.
What are the various testing mechanisms you have done in your experience?
The
regression, load tests and the module wise testing was done by me in the
previous project that I was involved in. The regression testing gave the exact
errors that were found in the application along with the appropriate test cases
that have failed. The load testing was more of a stability test over the
application and was to prove the quality of the product in terms of performance
and stability to the customer. Both of them were automated and run at various
stages of development.
23.
How will you start with a new project, assuming you are put into a new team
that is embarking on a new development project?
The
first week will be purely dedicated to gaining of knowledge relating to the
various technologies, methodologies used in the project. After this will be the
phase where I will involve myself in getting to know more about the project
that is being developed. The use cases, purpose of the project will be the
start point and the modularity and design architecture will be analyzed by me
and peer reviews and interactions with the team regarding the phases of testing
and development will get me into the project completely. After this the
planning and execution of the test plan will help me ensure the project is
going as expected from every aspect of view.
24.
How will you go about developing a test plan for a project?
That
more often depends on the methodology used. Say, for example if there is RPD
based development the test plan will be more interactive with the development
plan. The modularity of the project, in every methodology has to be brought out
in the test plan, so that the testing can recognize the potential areas of
integration related weaknesses. The test plan also should impose upon the team
members appropriate responsibilities so that each have their own perspective of
delivery clear when it comes to test cases.
25.
How do you expect a Software testing environment to be?
A
Software testing environment should be very adaptable and should be
configurable to simulate any kind of situation for the product under test. The
exhaustiveness of the testing is directly related to the configurable aspect of
the environment.
26.
Do you have any prior experience in writing test cases? How did you proceed
writing them?
Yes,
I do have experience in writing test cases for the testing purposes of the
project. The test cases should have a clear input category and output category.
The inputs should be pertaining to the test’s aim. The output should
automatically be scanned for correctness for deciding the failure/success
demarcation. The test case also conforms to specific requirement from the
client side or atleast a part of it. To ensure the correctness and validity of
the output, we should be having the right idea of the customer expectation.
Once we have the sufficient knowledge in the above aspects, we can have the
best test case with apt goal to satisfy from the customer’s standpoint.
NON-Voice Basic Interview Questions Part-8
7.
How can you demarcate the QA line against the general testing?
The
QA refers to the testing process that is aimed at giving the right perspective
of the product from the high level of perspective, thereby determining the
quality of the product from the eyes of the customer and the user. The Software
testing is a more generic term used to refer any type of test that we do over a
product to detect any type of error in the software. Thus the quality assurance
can be seen as a specialized version of software testing, which again can be
considered a part of software testing domain.
8.
How can effectively scope out or organize a test project and execute it?
The
test project has to be executed in a sequence that narrows it to the very
specific reason for which it is run. The identification of the goal that
pertains to each test project can help us in doing this. The test project can
then be planned in modules or just into a single large batch execution which
can identify the specific bug or error in the product that is under discussion.
The organization of the test project can happen only if there is a right
understanding in every team member as to what his responsibility in the test
is.
9.
How can a role of QA be utilized efficiently in a development project
The
QA has to be effective and efficient in avoiding the bugs in the project. The
test plan to detect conformance variation, deviation of the functionality has
to be dictated and run by the QA periodically over the product at various
stages of development. He has to make sure the project is heading in the right
direction at various points of development.
10.
What is the ideal character that you expect from a manager?
The
manager has to have the right mix of technical knowledge and the management
skills. This can help him in understanding the use of the tests. The QA, QC and
testing can be of great value to the project and the manager should be one who
provides as much importance to testing stages as is given for development.
11.
How can you define quality in a software product?
The
quality refers to the conformance to the customer requirements in the most
efficient way possible. The conformance should not be implicating some other
side effect in some other perspective of the project. It should just be FIT to
be used effectively.
12.
How is validation different from verification?
Simply
put, the validation is the process of determining if the things are done the
right way and the verification is the process of determining is the right
things are done as per specification.
13.
What are the things that are to be present in a good test process?
A
good a valid test process should contain various aspects of testing and
attributes that are configurable from the tester. The effect of each of the
test cases should be clearly shown by the test process with a clear outlook
given to the results as to which test conforms to which case of testing. The
understanding of the results should be clearly brought out. These when done can
give a good test process. If you are going to better it, then the test process
can also specify the possible causes of the error that has occurred.
14.
When can FMEA be of help to developers?
The
Failure Mode and Effect Analysis is most effective when we are dealing with
software products that have similarity to the previously developed
applications. The experience of the developers/team other members in similar
products can come in handy. The similarity of usage specifics and the structure
of the design when identified implies we can have the FMEA oriented testing.
15.
What is SDLC?
The
Software Development Life Cycle refers to the overall development cycle of the
software from the eyes of the System Analyst. The various stages of the
development right from the requirements gathering to the final delivery after
testing are included in the SDLC. The SDLC can further be defined as specific
methodology that is incorporated as the way to proceed in the development of a
specific software product.
16.
What should a perfect requirement specification contain?
A
good requirement should give a clear business logic requirement, technical
requirement for the product and rightly correlate each of those. The process
requirements from the client are auxiliary but can be of immense help in
coordinating the activities of developments with the customer side testing.
17.
How is management of Quality in a project different from management of total
project?
QA
management comes into picture at the times of testing, the main aim is to
verify the project is heading the right way. The project manager on the other
hand manages the entire work flow and development flow in the project life
cycle. There are also other aspects of the project like customer side
interactions, business logic definitions etc. The project manager is one who
manages the work done and the QA manager is one who oversees the work done for
quality maintenance throughout, whether work done is right.
NON-Voice Basic Interview Questions Part-7
96.
What does COTS represent?
Commercial
Off The Shelf.
97.The
purpose of wich is allow specific tests to be carried out on a system or
network that resembles as closely as possible the environment where the item
under test will be used upon release?
Test
Environment
98.
What can be though of as being based on the project plan, but with greater
amounts of detail?
Phase
Test Plan
99.
What is exploratory testing?
Exploratory
testing is a hands-on approach in which testers are involved in minimum
planning and maximum test execution. The planning involves the cre-ation of a
test charter, a short declaration of the scope of a short (1 to 2 hour)
time-boxed test effort, the objectives and possible approaches to be used. The
test design and test execution activities are performed in parallel typi-cally
without formally documenting the test conditions, test cases or test scripts.
This does not mean that other, more formal testing techniques will not be used.
For example, the tester may decide to use boundary value analysis but will
think through and test the most important boundary values without necessarily
writing them down. Some notes will be written during the exploratory-testing
session, so that a report can be produced afterwards.
100.
What is failure?
Deviation
from expected result to actual result
1.
While at the stages of QA, QC and other testing phases what are the main
documents that are referred?
The
Quality related testing and testing phase in general requires each and every
aspect of the project from customer specifications to developer designs. So the
documents that are used can be summed up as:
ñ
SRS & Business requirements doc.
ñ
Functional/Technical documentation that was initially prepared.
ñ
Documents pertaining to the various modules – used for White Box testing.
ñ
Use case & other representative documents for program flow.
ñ
Test plan and other test case/script related documents.
2.
How should the test plan be drafted?
The
test plan and its specification depends on the methodology adopted for
development and testing of the project. But speaking on a top most level, the
test plan should consist of all the different types of tests that have to be
carried out to give the best assessment of the product. The compliance,
production phase tests, regression test methods/scripts requirement, usability
test, verification and validation criteria related tests should all be put into
the test plan that is prepared.
3.
What kinds of bugs usually occur and are identified in initial tests?
The
major bugs that come up during the tests are the memory related issues in the
software and these come up in the initial load testing or regression testing.
There may be a minute error somewhere in the product which can lead to a very
intensive impact on the overall application. These are the bugs that can also
be easily identified and rectified. Tests should be carefully drafted to
identify such memory related errors.
4.
What is the purpose of software testing?
The
software testing is the phase that gives us the overall picture as to the quality
of the product and the performance related aspects of the program. The software
testing phase is the one by which the developers can make sure that what is
built is conforming to the customer’s requirement (verification) and that
everything is working as expected and intended to (validation).
5.
What are the pros and cons of being a Tester?
The
software testing can be done only if you have a overall understanding regarding
the project. This way software tester gains immense knowledge regarding the software,
from the customer and the user perspective, which even the developer may not
have in some cases. The cons are overcome by the pros of the job, so I think it
is good thing to be involved in the software testing. Opportunities for
learning and improvement are many in this field of software testing.
6.
How can you define Quality Assurance?
The
Quality Assurance refers to the phase of the project development where we
examine the product and put into a sequence of various tests to determine if
the product is fit for the specified purpose. The QA aims at attaining a
specific quality level to the overall product. This cannot assure it but can
maximize the quality attainable in the product by doing the right corrections
to the final developed product.
NON-Voice Basic Interview Questions Part-6
77.
What studies data flow analysis ?
The
use of data on paths through the code.
78.
What is Alpha testing?
Pre-release
testing by end user representatives at the developer’s site.
79.
What is a failure?
Failure
is a departure from specified behaviour.
80.
What are Test comparators ?
Is
it really a test if you put some inputs into some software, but never look to
see whether the software produces the correct result? The essence of testing is
to check whether the software produces the correct result, and to do that, we
must compare what the software produces to what it should produce. A test
comparator helps to automate aspects of that comparison.
81.
Who is responsible for document all the issues, problems and open point that
were identified during the review meeting Scribe
82.
What is the main purpose of Informal review
Inexpensive
way to get some benefit
83.
What is the purpose of test design technique?
Identifying
test conditions and Identifying test cases
84.
When testing a grade calculation system, a tester determines that all scores
from 90 to 100 will yield a grade of A, but scores below 90 will not. This
analysis is known as:
Equivalence
partitioning
85.
A test manager wants to use the resources available for the automated testing
of a web application. The best choice is Tester,
test automater, web specialist, DBA
86.
During the testing of a module tester ‘X’ finds a bug and assigned it to
developer. But developer rejects the same, saying that it’s not a bug. What ‘X’
should do?
Send
to the detailed information of the bug encountered and check the
reproducibility
87.
A type of integration testing in which software elements, hardware elements, or
both are combined all at once into a component or an overall system, rather
than in stages.
Big-Bang
Testing
88.
In practice, which Life Cycle model may have more, fewer or different levels of
development and testing, depending on the project and the software product. For
example, there may be component integration testing after component testing,
and system integration testing after system testing.
V-Model
89.
Which technique can be used to achieve input and output coverage? It can be
applied to human input, input via interfaces to a system, or interface
parameters in integration testing.
Equivalence
partitioning
90.
“This life cycle model is basically driven by schedule and budget risks” This
statement is best suited for…
V-Model
91.
In which order should tests be run?
The
most important tests first
92.
The later in the development life cycle a fault is discovered, the more
expensive it is to fix. why?
The
fault has been built into more documentation,code,tests, etc
93.
What is Coverage measurement?
It
is a partial measure of test thoroughness.
94.
What is Boundary value testing?
Test
boundary conditions on, below and above the edges of input and output
equivalence classes.
95.
What is Fault Masking ?
Error
condition hiding another error condition.
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